fleischer



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. PLEISGH'ER.

MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR.

No. 245,809. Patented Aug. 16,1881.

N. PEYERS. PbqloJ-Ilhcgmphen Washingiun. D. Q

2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

B. PLEISCHER.

MANUFAGTURE O]? SUGAR.

No. 245,809. Patented Aug. 16,1881.

fm euiar: 6U /1 650/ 1281/6 Witnesses:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL FLEISGHER, OF DRESDEN, ASSIGNOR TO DESSAUER AKTIEN ZUGKER RAFFINERIE, OF DESSAU, GERMANY.

MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 245,809, dated August 16, 1881.-

Application filed January 10, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: saccharate, but also a ten-per-cent. solution of Be it known that I, EMIL FLEISGHER, of crystallized hydrate of strontia. The dilution Dresden, in the Empire of Germany, have inis independent, but the proportion ofthe sugar vented new and useful Improvements in the to the water should not be below [:5 and not 5 Manufacture of Sugar, of which the following above 1:10, as very large quantities of hydrate is a specification. of strontia would be required. The saccharate 5 5 y This invention relates to certain new and thus precipitated is almost insoluble in hot useful improvements in the manufacture .of solution of strontia is only slightly soluble in sugar from saccharine solutions, such as sirup, diluted hot solution of strontia, but is soluble IO treacle, &c., by means of a bibasic saccharate to about five per cent. in hot water. It is very of strontia, and in the apparatus in which the difiicult to free this bibasic saccharate from the strontia-sugar that has been formed is sepasurplus of strontia, but by repeated washings rated from the non-saccharine liquid. with boiling water, which slightly dissolves The invention consists in producing a bibut does not decompose it, it can be obtained 15 basic saccharate of strontia,whichis separated pure and almost entirely freed from the surfrom the non-saccharine liquid and placed into plus of strontia. coldchambers,inwhlchthe strontia crystallizes Various and numerous attempts have been and 1s separated from the sugar. made in vain to produce a saccharate ot' stron- The invention further consists in a flat per tia containing more of the base than the bi- 2o forated pan resting above a vessel connected basic sacoharate of strontia does. Ititdid show with an air-exhaustin g pump, the bibasic saca greater quantity of strontia than the formula charate of strontia, which has the consistency of the bibasic saccharate indicated, this quanof mud or semi-liquid, being placed upon the tity was mixed with it mechanically, but not perforated floor, and the non-saccharine liquid chemically. Besides this bibasic saccharate of 2 5 passes through the perforated floor into the strontia a monobasic saccharate, O H O chamber below, as a vacuum is formed in this 310, is also known. The same is formed if chamber by the air-exhausting pump. cold aqueous solutions of sugar and strontia In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is are brought together, and has the appearance a longitudinal sectional elevation of the appaof coagulated milk. This monobasic combina- 0 ratus for separating the saccharate from the tion is soluble to about six per cent. in cold non-saccharine or mother liquid. Fig. 2 is a water, butis dissolved entirelyin warm water. plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a eross-sec- The bibasic saccharate of strontia is separated tional elevation, and Fig. 4 is an end elevainto crystallized hydrate of strontia and sugar tion. if sufficient water to form the strontia crystals 3 5 Similar letters of reference indicate cone and a sugar solution of about twenty per cent.

sponding parts. is added at a low temperature, for strontia, Before describing the process for obtaining like lime, is dissolved in greater quantities by the sugar it will be necessary to describe the a saccharine solution than by water.

nature of the bibasic saccharate oi strontia- Having described the nature of the bibasic 4o O H O +2SrO. saccharate of strontia, I will now describe the Bibasic saccharate of strontia is either obapparatus for separating the same from the 0 tained by adding oxide of strontium (strontia) sugar. to a saccharine solution, or by adding sac- A flat pan or vessel, A, is provided with a charine matter to a concentrated solution of perforated bottom, a, and upon this bottom a 5 strontia, and in either case the bibasic sacchalayer, I), of wire-netting, and c, of some vegerate, which has a muddy consistency, wil only table-fiber fabric, are held by the strips 0, which 5 be precipitated if these solutions are heated to are held in place by the clamps (I, held to the the boiling-point and suflicient quantities of sides of the pan or vessel A by bolts and nuts. strontia are present not only to form abibasic The pan or vessel A rests upon a semi-cylindricalor like vessel, B, provided with the pivots t and at the ends, thus permitting the vessel to swing on its longitudinal axis. The vessel B is provided with a longitudinally-perforated air-tube, 0, connected with the tube f, passing through the pivot 70, and connected with a tube leading to an air-pump. The vessel B is provided with two circular or like tracks, D D, resting upon rollers E E, to permit the variation of the inclination of the transverse axis, which is accomplished by means of the crank a, the geared wheels I and m, the Worm o, and the semicircular worm-wheel p. The apparatus is provided with the devices for changing its position for convenience in filling it and removing the matter after the operation. The vessel B is provided with a large cock, g, near the middle of the bottom, which is preferably inclined toward this cock. h is an aircook.

The operation is as follows: The strontia required to produce the bibasic saccharate may be used in the form of caustic strontia or as the hydrate of strontia, but crystallized strontia is the best. Sulphide of strontium, (SrS,) which is obtained from celestine (sulphate of strontia) by heating it with substances containing carbon,or this sulphide of strontium dissolved in water, (SrH O -t SrH S may be used to form the bibasic saccharate; but it is not as advantageous as the strontia crystals or the caustic strontia.

The saccharate may be produced in two different ways First. By adding a hot solution of strontia to the saccharine liquid, which is stirred and' heated continually. The saccharate will be precipitated a few seconds after the first ebullition, providing a sufficient quantity of strontia is contained in the solution. If this is not the case, strontia crystals can be added until the solution corresponds to the given formula. In practice this methodis of great importance, as it does not require great quantities of strontia solutions before the operation begins, as the strontia crystals can be added later.

Second. A certain quantity of strontia can be dissolved in a saccharine liquid the temperature of which is below the boiling-point, and the saccharate will be precipitated by the ebullition of the solution.

In order to keep the solution or motherliquid in which the non-saccharine matter is dissolved as concentrated as possible, it is always advisable to dissolve strontia crystals in the same, and then add fresh saccharine solution in order to obtain repeated precipitations of the bibasic saccharate. These repeated precipitations can take place without removing the prior precipitates, which all have the consistency of mud, but the saccharate can only be precipitated if the liquid is heated.

The saccharate thus produced can be separated from the non-saccharine liquid in various different ways, and I prefer to use the apparatus described above and shown in the annexed drawings.

The precipitated saccharate is placed upon the floor of the pan or vessel A, and the air is exhausted from the vessel B by means of the air-pump above mentioned. The consequenceis that all the liquid contained in the precipitate will pass through thelayeroffabricc, the sieve b, and the perforated floor a, and will collect in the vessel B, from which it can be drawn through the cock 9 at suitable intervals. The precipitate is purified in the same apparatus by pouring hot strontia solution upon it, and drawing the liquid through the precipitate by means of the air-pump in the manner described. Hot water might be used in place of hot strontia solution, but the latter does not dissolve any of the saccharate, whereas the former dissolves about ten per cent. The liquids used in purifying the precipitate are used for producing the next fresh precipitate.

The precipitate, after having been separated from the liquids and purified, consists of almost entirely pure saccharate of strontia, and for the purpose of separating the strontia and the sugar the saccharate and acorresponding quantity of water are placed into tanks, in which they remain for some time at a low temperature. This separation will take place most rapidly and effectually at about 0 cent-i grade 3 but this low temperature is not absolutely necessary, for the separation will also take place at a temperature of from 12 to 15 centigrade, but it requires considerable time. This low temperature will have to be produced artificially in summer, and I prefer to force air that has been cooled by ice or water into the separating-chambers. During this process of separation, especially if the bibasio saccharates have been in the vats or tanks for some time, the above-described monobasic saccharate of strontia is sometimes formed; but this must be avoided as much as possible. After the separation the strontia crystals are taken out of the solution of sugar and dried in a centrifugal apparatus, and are then again used forproducin g the bibasic saccharate of strontia. The liquid which contains some strontiais saturated with carbonic acid, and the carbonate of strontia is separated fromthe saccharine liquid in filter-presses, and this liquid is then treated to obtain crystallized sugar in the well-known manner. The mud (SrGO which remainsin the filter-press is mixed with sawdust, or some other material containing carbon, and is formed into bricks, which are burned in a suitable furnace to produce caustic strontia.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. The method, substantially as herein shown and described, of extracting sugar from saccharine liquids,such as sirup,treacle.,&c.,consisting in producing a bibasic saccharate of strontia, and then separating the sugar and strontia by crystallization, as set forth.

2. The method, substantially as herein described, of producing bibasic saccharate of strontia (O H O 4-2SrO) by making a solution of saccharine matter and of strontia,and

then raising the temperature of this solution to the boiling-point, as set forth.

3. The method, substantially as herein described, of purifying the bibasic saccharatc of strontia by pouring a hot solution of strontia over and drawing this solution through it in some suitable manner, as set forth.

4. The method, substantially as herein described,of repeatedly precipitating the bibasic saccharate of strontia in the same mother liquid, and adding fresh strontia and fresh saccharine liquid after each precipitation for the purpose of obtaining a concentrated mother liquid, as set forth.

5. As a new chemical product, bibasic saccharate of strontia, (O H O +2SrO,)made, as herein described, by mixing saccharine matter and strontia in solution, and boiling this solution, as set forth.

6. An apparatus for separating precipitated sugar from the mother liquid, made substanstantially as herein shown and described, and 5 for the purpose set forth.

This specification signed by me this 26th day of November, 1880.

EMIL FLEISGHER. Witnesses:

Dr. HERMANN BERCHART, MARKUS RUTTEN. 

